Civil society activists are questioning the high ranking of Botswana on the Mo Ibrahim Index for Good Governance that was released this week.
This follows several incidents adversely affecting the media in the country, dating back to the election of President Ian Khama in 2008.
Botswana, which celebrated its 48th anniversary of independence from Britain on Tuesday, was ranked third out of 52 countries surveyed by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation.
The index is based on four categories, including safety and rule of law, participation and human rights, sustainable economic opportunity and human development.
South Africa ranked fourth on the index, with neighbouring Zimbabwe 46th and Zambia 13th.
Zoe Titus, the regional director of the Media Institute for Southern Africa (Misa), speaking from Namibia, said her organisation disputed the ranking because the Botswana government was increasingly restricting basic freedoms of expression and was unwilling to engage civil society organisations in the country.
Substantively shallow
“People have the perception of Botswana as the freest, most open and democratic society, but free expression is getting substantively shallow on a daily basis,” she said.
In the latest attack on the media in Botswana, the Sunday Standard editor Outsa Mokone was arrested last month and charged with sedition following an article in the newspaper about Khama’s alleged involvement in a car crash.
Khama, who still uses the title of lieutenant general, once appeared on the popular British programme Top Gear and is known for his love of fast cars. The allegation was vehemently denied by the presidency.
The reporter, Edgar Tsimane, who is being sought by the Botswana government over the story, has fled to South Africa and has been granted temporary asylum.
According to Titus, Misa will defend the journalists in court, as it has done in many similar cases. “Litigation is often the only avenue open to us,” she said.
Misa is also fighting against the controversial Media Practitioners Bill in Botswana, which requires all journalists to be accredited by a government-controlled board.
According to Titus, the clampdown on civil society organisations has reduced their engagement with the government to a near minimum. Communications have, for example, been cut off with organisations such as the Botswana Centre for Human Rights, Ditshwanelo, which has campaigned for many years about issues such as the death penalty and the rights of the almost-forgotten San community in Botswana.
“Botswana doesn’t have the same history as the other countries in Southern Africa that are ruled by former liberation movements,” Titus said. “But it acts in exactly the same way with its vicious attacks on civil society.”
Khama’s ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), which has governed the country since independence, is widely expected to win elections later this month.
A group of six senior MPs of the BDP broke away from the party in 2010, claiming that democracy in Botswana has been threatened since Khama came to power. It was the first split in the BDP and some believed the move would weaken the ruling party.
But Khama weathered the storm and remains popular, thanks to generous social grants and a relatively stable economy.
In 2012, a group of smaller parties also formed a united opposition, the Umbrella for Democratic Change, but commentators say it has a slim chance against the BDP.
Sensitive issues
Steven Gruzd, a senior researcher at the Institute for International Affairs in Johannesburg, said Botswana presented itself as a “well-ordered and placid” country, but sensitive issues such as the rights of the San were being neglected.
Gruzd said Khama would benefit from the advantage of incumbency to win the polls later this month.
“Incumbents generally make sure they win elections,” he said.
Gruzd is head of a programme that deals with the African Peer Review Mechanism, a survey conducted by African specialists with the input from countries, in conjunction with the African Union.
Botswana is as yet not a member of the AU’s Peer Review Mechanism, which has 34 members, 17 of which have completed their reviews.
Gruzd said the Mo Ibrahim Index could be useful for its quantitative value but comparing all African countries to one another was problematic.
Out of the top five countries, Mauritius, Cape Verde, Botswana, South Africa and Seychelles, three are small island countries.
“If you count the populations of these countries together, how many millions is that?” he asked, contrasting that figure with the estimate of 1.1-billion people on the continent.
Source: M&G
Friday, October 3, 2014
Opposition Promises Democracy and Social Justice
Maputo — Afonso Dhlakama, the leader and presidential candidate of the former rebel movement Renamo, on Wednesday pledged at a large rally in the city of Quelimane, capital of the central Mozambican province of Zambezia that, if he is elected president, he will preside over a democratic government of social justice.
He boasted that he had “fought for democracy”, and said that a future Renamo government would promote economic development and justice so that Mozambicans would no longer be divided into rich and poor.
“Bank on me to solve these problems immediately”, he urged the crowd. “If I don't comply with these promises in five years, you just have to say ‘Dhlakama deceived us. He didn't carry out his promises and now he's going.' And I will go away without killing anybody”.
Dhlakama said that other candidates describe the election campaign as a time for festivity, but for him it was a time for reflection. “Those who say this is a festive moment, are those who go around drinking beer and whisky”, he accused.
“I feel this is the only opportunity for the people to put Dhlakama in power”, he said. “This time I want, with all respect, to ask the machuabos (a large ethnic group in Zambezia) to vote for me so that we don't go on talking about poverty, suffering, unemployment and hunger”.
He claimed that in Mozambique there is no rule of law, just a police force which “makes the people their slaves”. If he were to be elected, he promised, he would create justice for all.
“The only fighter for democracy and justice in this country is called Dhlakama”, he said. “But I am not satisfied because the people are still suffering. Vote for me to end all this playing around”.
Meanwhile, in the northern city of Nampula, the Renamo provincial coordinator, Constantino Ntipa, claimed that Renamo knows some of those who are behind the wave of kidnappings that hit Mozambican cities as from 2011.
Speaking to voters on the outskirts of Nampula, Ntipa said “We know some people who have kidnapped our sons and nephews, but when these people are taken to justice the case stops there”.
He said Renamo would be “implacable” against such politicians and jurists, against “these unjust men, these doctors who have no feelings for the people, for the masses, or for those who voted for them”.
The courts had lost credibility in the eyes of the people, he said. “The people looked at the court as a place where all the afflicted find a solution to their problems, but the courts of the ruling party are places of injustice and corruption. Renamo and President Dhlakama want to reverse this situation”.
Ntipa did not name any of the alleged kidnappers, nor did he say whether Renamo had shared its information with the police. And his claim that the courts have failed to sentence kidnappers is simply untrue. There have been a series of kidnap trials since late 2013, resulting in long prison sentences.
The most recent trial was in Beira where, on 23 September, a court sentenced three people to between 16 and 20 years imprisonment for their part in the attempted kidnapping of the son of a local businessman.
Ntipa also promised that a Renamo government would raise the wages of the police and improve police working conditions. “We want a police which is truly free and non-partisan”, he said. “We want a police with wages compatible with the work so that policemen do not fall into the corruption that characterizes the police force today”.
Source: AIM
He boasted that he had “fought for democracy”, and said that a future Renamo government would promote economic development and justice so that Mozambicans would no longer be divided into rich and poor.
“Bank on me to solve these problems immediately”, he urged the crowd. “If I don't comply with these promises in five years, you just have to say ‘Dhlakama deceived us. He didn't carry out his promises and now he's going.' And I will go away without killing anybody”.
Dhlakama said that other candidates describe the election campaign as a time for festivity, but for him it was a time for reflection. “Those who say this is a festive moment, are those who go around drinking beer and whisky”, he accused.
“I feel this is the only opportunity for the people to put Dhlakama in power”, he said. “This time I want, with all respect, to ask the machuabos (a large ethnic group in Zambezia) to vote for me so that we don't go on talking about poverty, suffering, unemployment and hunger”.
He claimed that in Mozambique there is no rule of law, just a police force which “makes the people their slaves”. If he were to be elected, he promised, he would create justice for all.
“The only fighter for democracy and justice in this country is called Dhlakama”, he said. “But I am not satisfied because the people are still suffering. Vote for me to end all this playing around”.
Meanwhile, in the northern city of Nampula, the Renamo provincial coordinator, Constantino Ntipa, claimed that Renamo knows some of those who are behind the wave of kidnappings that hit Mozambican cities as from 2011.
Speaking to voters on the outskirts of Nampula, Ntipa said “We know some people who have kidnapped our sons and nephews, but when these people are taken to justice the case stops there”.
He said Renamo would be “implacable” against such politicians and jurists, against “these unjust men, these doctors who have no feelings for the people, for the masses, or for those who voted for them”.
The courts had lost credibility in the eyes of the people, he said. “The people looked at the court as a place where all the afflicted find a solution to their problems, but the courts of the ruling party are places of injustice and corruption. Renamo and President Dhlakama want to reverse this situation”.
Ntipa did not name any of the alleged kidnappers, nor did he say whether Renamo had shared its information with the police. And his claim that the courts have failed to sentence kidnappers is simply untrue. There have been a series of kidnap trials since late 2013, resulting in long prison sentences.
The most recent trial was in Beira where, on 23 September, a court sentenced three people to between 16 and 20 years imprisonment for their part in the attempted kidnapping of the son of a local businessman.
Ntipa also promised that a Renamo government would raise the wages of the police and improve police working conditions. “We want a police which is truly free and non-partisan”, he said. “We want a police with wages compatible with the work so that policemen do not fall into the corruption that characterizes the police force today”.
Source: AIM
Mozambique Needs a Young President- MDM Youth Leader
Chimoio — The opposition Mozambique Democratic Movement, campaigning in the central city of Chimoio, has argued that the country needs a young president - and so voters ought to elect the MDM leader and presidential candidate, Daviz Simango.
“In truth, this country deserves someone with a fresh head, such as Daviz Simango”, argued Eduardo Brito, head of the MDM Youth League in Chimoio and a member of the local municipal assembly. “A young person who doesn't yet have many problems will govern the country better”.
Simango is the youngest of the three candidates standing in the presidential election scheduled for 15 October. He is 50 years old, while the candidate of the ruling Frelimo Party, Filipe Nyusi, is 55, and the leader of the former rebel movement Renamo, Afonso Dhlakama, is 61.
This was one of the themes of the MDM canvassing on Wednesday in the Agostinho Neto neighbourhood, on the outskirts of Chimoio.
Brito also urged the 20 or so members of his MDM brigade not to respond to any provocation from their opponents. “When we are provoked, let's just say ‘Thank you', take another path and continue our work”, he said.
Brito lashed out at the allegedly poor quality of public health care, and the shortage of medicines in the natonal health service. He claimed that the public health units prescribe paracetamol for all problems - but in the private clinics “the good medicines are there. Where do those medicines come from?”
He suggested that brand new hospitals built by the Frelimo government were of no use because of the shortage of drugs, and claimed that Frelimo leaders have their own children treated in private clinics or abroad.
After explaining to his audience the positions occupied by the MDM and by Simango on the parliamentary and presidential ballot papers, Brito advised the voters not to argue with other parties who came to the neighbourhood seeking their votes.
“When another party comes and asks for your votes, don't get into a discussion”, he said. “Tell them you're listening, but when 15 October comes vote for the MDM so that we can have another government and do what is happening in Beira, Quelimane and Nampula (the three cities won by the MDM in last year's municipal elections) where people are living well”.
Source: AIM
“In truth, this country deserves someone with a fresh head, such as Daviz Simango”, argued Eduardo Brito, head of the MDM Youth League in Chimoio and a member of the local municipal assembly. “A young person who doesn't yet have many problems will govern the country better”.
Simango is the youngest of the three candidates standing in the presidential election scheduled for 15 October. He is 50 years old, while the candidate of the ruling Frelimo Party, Filipe Nyusi, is 55, and the leader of the former rebel movement Renamo, Afonso Dhlakama, is 61.
This was one of the themes of the MDM canvassing on Wednesday in the Agostinho Neto neighbourhood, on the outskirts of Chimoio.
Brito also urged the 20 or so members of his MDM brigade not to respond to any provocation from their opponents. “When we are provoked, let's just say ‘Thank you', take another path and continue our work”, he said.
Brito lashed out at the allegedly poor quality of public health care, and the shortage of medicines in the natonal health service. He claimed that the public health units prescribe paracetamol for all problems - but in the private clinics “the good medicines are there. Where do those medicines come from?”
He suggested that brand new hospitals built by the Frelimo government were of no use because of the shortage of drugs, and claimed that Frelimo leaders have their own children treated in private clinics or abroad.
After explaining to his audience the positions occupied by the MDM and by Simango on the parliamentary and presidential ballot papers, Brito advised the voters not to argue with other parties who came to the neighbourhood seeking their votes.
“When another party comes and asks for your votes, don't get into a discussion”, he said. “Tell them you're listening, but when 15 October comes vote for the MDM so that we can have another government and do what is happening in Beira, Quelimane and Nampula (the three cities won by the MDM in last year's municipal elections) where people are living well”.
Source: AIM
Thursday, October 2, 2014
Mozambique's Opposition Leader, Dhlakama, Attracts Large Crowds in Quelimane
The entrance into Quelimane on Saturday of Renamo candidate Afonso Dhlakama paralysed the city. The road from the airport was virtually impassable with large crowds on the road. The parade for the Renamo leader had hundreds of bicycles and motorcycles as well as 24 cars.
Our local journalist notes that the Renamo parade met a large MDM parade which was also occupying most of the road, but which squeezed over to let the Renamo caravan pass without incident.
Football in Vilanculos
In Mapinhane, Vilanculos, Inhambane the 30th day of the campaign was marked by a football match between members and supporters of Frelimo and MDM, with each side wearing the party shirts. The match ended in a 2-2 draw.
Police post in Frelimo building
A police post is covered with posters for Frelimo and its presidential candidate Filipe Nyusi. After being alerted by public complaints, one of journalists visited the police post in Baiao, Bunhica, Machava, Matola and confirmed the posters. This was also confirmed by Maputo province police spokesman Emidio Mabunda, who explained that because of a lack of facilities in that area, the police post is an annex of the local Frelimo office. The posters are entirely the responsibility of Frelimo, not the police, he said. But apparently no one had thought that the party posters might be inappropriate and should be removed.
Police say they only arrested MDM and Renamo last week
Police arrested 10 members of MDM and Renamo across the country during the week 20-26 September. But despite the violence in Gaza, widely reported to have been perpetrated by Frelimo, there were no arrests of Frelimo members, according to Maputo city police spokesman Pedro Cossa.
This is his list of incidents as reported by Cossa during the week of campaigning:
Sofala: MDM member Felix Domingos was arrested on 20 September after going to the Frelimo headquarters in Mafambisse and allegedly physically attacking Frelimo members.
Also on the 20th MDM member Costa Sousa was arrested in Beira after being caught on top of a street light in Ponta Gea pulling down Frelimo posters.
On the 21st a person only named as Ibraimo was arrested for damaging Frelimo posters.
Zambezia: Renamo member Isaac Cesar was caught on 20 October damaging Frelimo campaign material and arrested.
In Gurue on the 21st, Samito Varela was arrested from taking campaign material from a Frelimo car. On the 22nd in Caromane, Molumbo district, Nanias and Francisco were arrested after they were caught damaging Frelimo campaign material. On the 23rd in Lugela, Renamo supporter Bonifacio was detained after being caught destroying Frelimo posters.
Tete: In Tete, a man named only as Tito has made a formal complaint to the police that he was physically attacked by the local Frelimo Political Delegate, Arlindo.
In Zambue, Zumbo, Renamo supporter Joaquim was arrested for destroying Frelmo campaign material.
Nampula: On 25 September an unspecified number of Renamo supporters and members carried a mock coffin covered in Frelimo posters and photos of Frelimo candidate Filipe Nyusi and were chanting Frelimo and Nyusi have died.
Niassa: on 25 September and MDM member was arrested for putting down Renamo posters.
Gaza: In Xai-Xai unidentified people attacked MDM member Stelio. .
In Chokwe, Chibuto and Bilene, Frelimo and MDM caravans met and were involved in scuffles. In Chokwe 10 people were lightly injured 10 and taken to hospital for treatment, and four cars were damaged. In Chibuto, eight people were injured including a policeperson. In Bilene three cars were damaged - two Frelimo and one MDM, and MDM member Antonio Frangoulis fired six shots in the air from his pistol..
In Manjacaze unidentified people set up a barricade to prevent the MDM caravan from entering the town.
Photos of the Frelimo preparations for attacks on MDM in Chibuto have been posted on macua.blogs: http://macua.blogs.com/moambique_para_todos/2014/09/prepara%C3%A7%C3% A3o-dos-dist%C3%BArbios-da-frelimo-contra-o-mdm-em-chibuto.html
Elsewhere on the campaign trail
In Nacala-a-Velha, Nampula, there are some complaints from the opposition, but the three main parties are positive about the campaign.
Artur Lenco of Renamo said there had been some provocations but Renamo had not responded and the campaign has proceeded in a good spirit. MDM's Marcelino Nassopera reports intimidations and disruptions, but nothing serious. Frelimo's Celestino Linha says that despite claims by the opposition, the Frelimo campaign has been orderly and respectful.
Balama, Cabo Delgado, reports a positive campaign. Today will be a big day for MDM with the arrival of its presidential candidate, Daviz Simango. Renamo had an internal meeting over the weekend. Frelimo and Renamo both say they are putting their stress on smaller villages in the district. PAHUMO is doing door-to-door canvassing.
Funhalouro, Inhambane reports an orderly campaign by the three main parties, with no problems.
In Alto Molocue, Zambezia, MDM held a march through the main streets of the town yesterday, Tuesday. Frelimo and Renamo are stressing door-to-door canvassing. The smaller parties have not been campaigning.
In Mandimba, Niassa, Renamo members waited all day Saturday for their leader, Afonso Dhlakama, who finally spoke on the telephone. Frelimo and MDM are doing door to door canvassing, while Frelimo continues to put up more posters and MDM has held local rallies.
In Mavago, Niassa, MDM member Jafar Daiton was arrested Sunday, accused of vandalising Frelimo posters, MD district campaign head Issa Matife accused the police of acting for Frelimo. The police refused to comment.
By Joseph Hanlon.
Our local journalist notes that the Renamo parade met a large MDM parade which was also occupying most of the road, but which squeezed over to let the Renamo caravan pass without incident.
Football in Vilanculos
In Mapinhane, Vilanculos, Inhambane the 30th day of the campaign was marked by a football match between members and supporters of Frelimo and MDM, with each side wearing the party shirts. The match ended in a 2-2 draw.
Police post in Frelimo building
A police post is covered with posters for Frelimo and its presidential candidate Filipe Nyusi. After being alerted by public complaints, one of journalists visited the police post in Baiao, Bunhica, Machava, Matola and confirmed the posters. This was also confirmed by Maputo province police spokesman Emidio Mabunda, who explained that because of a lack of facilities in that area, the police post is an annex of the local Frelimo office. The posters are entirely the responsibility of Frelimo, not the police, he said. But apparently no one had thought that the party posters might be inappropriate and should be removed.
Police say they only arrested MDM and Renamo last week
Police arrested 10 members of MDM and Renamo across the country during the week 20-26 September. But despite the violence in Gaza, widely reported to have been perpetrated by Frelimo, there were no arrests of Frelimo members, according to Maputo city police spokesman Pedro Cossa.
This is his list of incidents as reported by Cossa during the week of campaigning:
Sofala: MDM member Felix Domingos was arrested on 20 September after going to the Frelimo headquarters in Mafambisse and allegedly physically attacking Frelimo members.
Also on the 20th MDM member Costa Sousa was arrested in Beira after being caught on top of a street light in Ponta Gea pulling down Frelimo posters.
On the 21st a person only named as Ibraimo was arrested for damaging Frelimo posters.
Zambezia: Renamo member Isaac Cesar was caught on 20 October damaging Frelimo campaign material and arrested.
In Gurue on the 21st, Samito Varela was arrested from taking campaign material from a Frelimo car. On the 22nd in Caromane, Molumbo district, Nanias and Francisco were arrested after they were caught damaging Frelimo campaign material. On the 23rd in Lugela, Renamo supporter Bonifacio was detained after being caught destroying Frelimo posters.
Tete: In Tete, a man named only as Tito has made a formal complaint to the police that he was physically attacked by the local Frelimo Political Delegate, Arlindo.
In Zambue, Zumbo, Renamo supporter Joaquim was arrested for destroying Frelmo campaign material.
Nampula: On 25 September an unspecified number of Renamo supporters and members carried a mock coffin covered in Frelimo posters and photos of Frelimo candidate Filipe Nyusi and were chanting Frelimo and Nyusi have died.
Niassa: on 25 September and MDM member was arrested for putting down Renamo posters.
Gaza: In Xai-Xai unidentified people attacked MDM member Stelio. .
In Chokwe, Chibuto and Bilene, Frelimo and MDM caravans met and were involved in scuffles. In Chokwe 10 people were lightly injured 10 and taken to hospital for treatment, and four cars were damaged. In Chibuto, eight people were injured including a policeperson. In Bilene three cars were damaged - two Frelimo and one MDM, and MDM member Antonio Frangoulis fired six shots in the air from his pistol..
In Manjacaze unidentified people set up a barricade to prevent the MDM caravan from entering the town.
Photos of the Frelimo preparations for attacks on MDM in Chibuto have been posted on macua.blogs: http://macua.blogs.com/moambique_para_todos/2014/09/prepara%C3%A7%C3% A3o-dos-dist%C3%BArbios-da-frelimo-contra-o-mdm-em-chibuto.html
Elsewhere on the campaign trail
In Nacala-a-Velha, Nampula, there are some complaints from the opposition, but the three main parties are positive about the campaign.
Artur Lenco of Renamo said there had been some provocations but Renamo had not responded and the campaign has proceeded in a good spirit. MDM's Marcelino Nassopera reports intimidations and disruptions, but nothing serious. Frelimo's Celestino Linha says that despite claims by the opposition, the Frelimo campaign has been orderly and respectful.
Balama, Cabo Delgado, reports a positive campaign. Today will be a big day for MDM with the arrival of its presidential candidate, Daviz Simango. Renamo had an internal meeting over the weekend. Frelimo and Renamo both say they are putting their stress on smaller villages in the district. PAHUMO is doing door-to-door canvassing.
Funhalouro, Inhambane reports an orderly campaign by the three main parties, with no problems.
In Alto Molocue, Zambezia, MDM held a march through the main streets of the town yesterday, Tuesday. Frelimo and Renamo are stressing door-to-door canvassing. The smaller parties have not been campaigning.
In Mandimba, Niassa, Renamo members waited all day Saturday for their leader, Afonso Dhlakama, who finally spoke on the telephone. Frelimo and MDM are doing door to door canvassing, while Frelimo continues to put up more posters and MDM has held local rallies.
In Mavago, Niassa, MDM member Jafar Daiton was arrested Sunday, accused of vandalising Frelimo posters, MD district campaign head Issa Matife accused the police of acting for Frelimo. The police refused to comment.
By Joseph Hanlon.
Mozambique President Guebuza Urges Churches to Pray for Peaceful Campaign
President Armando Guebuza on 28 September urged the country's churches to pray that conflicts between supporters of rival political parties do not occur again during the fortnight left of the election campaign prior to the presidential and parliamentary elections of 15 October.
President Guebuza was speaking in Maputo during the consecration of Carlos Matsinhe as the new bishop of the Anglican diocese of the Libombos. Matsinhe is the successor to the recently retired bishop, Dinis Sengulane, a man who has been prominent in efforts to secure peace in Mozambique.
"We invite the Anglican church and other churches to pray for the elections to be a moment of festivity and coexistence between brothers", said President Guebuza.
Rather than violence, political parties should rely on the power of oratory to win support, he added. "Nothing justifies insults and the destruction of property".
President Guebuza recalled that the Anglican Church had played a role in the liberation of the country from colonial rule and in the dialogue between the government and opposition party Renamo which culminated on 5 September in the signing of a declaration on the cessation of military hostilities. Sengulane remains one of the national observers to the dialogue.
Serious clashes occurred in the election campaign when supporters of the ruling Frelimo Party clashed with the motorcade of Daviz Simango, the leader and presidential candidate of the opposition Mozambique Democratic Movement (MDM) in the southern province of Gaza on 23 and 24 September. MDM supporters attempted to retaliate in the northern city of Nampula on 25 September.
The chairperson of the National Elections Commission (CNE), Abdul Carimo, described the clashes as "disgraceful", and urged political leaders to rein in their supporters and end the violence.
Source:AIM
President Guebuza was speaking in Maputo during the consecration of Carlos Matsinhe as the new bishop of the Anglican diocese of the Libombos. Matsinhe is the successor to the recently retired bishop, Dinis Sengulane, a man who has been prominent in efforts to secure peace in Mozambique.
"We invite the Anglican church and other churches to pray for the elections to be a moment of festivity and coexistence between brothers", said President Guebuza.
Rather than violence, political parties should rely on the power of oratory to win support, he added. "Nothing justifies insults and the destruction of property".
President Guebuza recalled that the Anglican Church had played a role in the liberation of the country from colonial rule and in the dialogue between the government and opposition party Renamo which culminated on 5 September in the signing of a declaration on the cessation of military hostilities. Sengulane remains one of the national observers to the dialogue.
Serious clashes occurred in the election campaign when supporters of the ruling Frelimo Party clashed with the motorcade of Daviz Simango, the leader and presidential candidate of the opposition Mozambique Democratic Movement (MDM) in the southern province of Gaza on 23 and 24 September. MDM supporters attempted to retaliate in the northern city of Nampula on 25 September.
The chairperson of the National Elections Commission (CNE), Abdul Carimo, described the clashes as "disgraceful", and urged political leaders to rein in their supporters and end the violence.
Source:AIM
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